Collard seed buying and growing guide

Grow Georgia Southern Collard Greens

Georgia Southern collards are hardy, productive leafy vegetables grown for their large blue-green leaves, mild cabbage flavour and long harvest period. Unlike heading cabbage, collard plants form an open rosette and continue producing leaves from the central growing point.

Seedmart supplies Georgia Southern collard seeds for home gardens, raised beds, large containers, market gardens and specialty leafy-green production throughout Australia. This traditional heirloom is botanically classified within the Brassica oleracea Acephala Group and is closely related to kale, cabbage, broccoli and cauliflower.

Harvest young leaves for a tender texture or allow the foliage to become larger for steaming, sautéing, soups, stews and slow-cooked dishes. Removing the lower outer leaves while leaving the centre intact allows the plant to continue producing fresh growth.

Why Grow Georgia Southern Collards?

Repeated Leaf Harvests

Pick the larger outside leaves progressively while younger foliage continues developing from the centre.

Hardy Cool-Season Crop

Georgia Southern tolerates cold conditions, and light frost can improve the sweetness of mature leaves.

Adaptable Growing Habit

Collards tolerate a broader temperature range than many tender salad greens when supplied with adequate moisture.

Versatile Cooking Green

Use collard leaves in sautés, soups, stews, curries, braised dishes, wraps and mixed cooked greens.

Suitable for Large Pots

Individual plants can grow in substantial containers with fertile mix, good drainage and regular watering.

Packet and Larger Quantities

Choose smaller quantities for household growing or larger packs for repeated and market-garden sowings.

What Are Collard Greens?

Collard greens are loose-leaf brassicas grown for broad edible foliage. They belong to the same species as cabbage, kale, broccoli, cauliflower and Brussels sprouts but have been selected for a different plant form and harvest method.

Collards do not form a tight cabbage head. Instead, their leaves develop around an upright central stalk in an open rosette.

Collard plants generally produce:

Large Edible Leaves

Broad foliage can be harvested young or allowed to develop for cooked dishes and bunching.

An Open Growing Centre

New leaves continue forming from the central crown rather than closing into a dense head.

An Upright Stalk

Established plants gradually develop a visible stem as lower leaves are removed.

Cool-Season Hardiness

Collards tolerate cool conditions and light frost better than many tender leafy vegetables.

Collards are a non-heading form of cabbage. They are harvested leaf by leaf like kale rather than waiting for a solid head to develop.

What Are Collard Greens Called in Australia?

The name collard greens is increasingly recognised in Australia, particularly through American, African, Caribbean and Southern United States cooking.

They may also be described as:

  • Collards
  • Collard leaves
  • Non-heading cabbage
  • Loose-leaf cabbage
  • Borecole, although this older term can also be associated with kale
  • Georgia collards or Southern collards

There is no exact Australian vegetable with a different local name that is botanically identical to collards. Kale, cabbage, silverbeet and spinach can sometimes be substituted in recipes, but they are separate crops with different flavours and textures.

What Is Georgia Southern Collard?

Georgia Southern is a traditional open-pollinated collard variety known for its broad, slightly ruffled blue-green leaves and mild cabbage flavour.

The plant develops a loose, open rosette rather than a cabbage head. When grown to maturity, it can reach approximately 70–100 cm high, depending on spacing, soil fertility, season and harvest method.

Georgia Southern is suitable for:

  • Progressive outer-leaf harvesting
  • Whole young-plant production
  • Fresh bunches for specialty vegetable markets
  • Steaming and sautéing
  • Soups, stews and slow-cooked dishes
  • Seed saving where adequate isolation is maintained
Georgia Southern is the variety currently offered in this category. The page should focus on its actual characteristics rather than listing collard varieties that are not presently available.

Collard Greens vs Kale

Collards and kale are closely related non-heading brassicas, but they generally differ in leaf form, texture and culinary use.

Collard Greens Kale
Usually produce broad, relatively flat or softly ruffled leaves. May produce curly, frilled, flat, narrow or heavily blistered leaves.
Develop an open rosette around an upright central stem. Growth habit varies from compact rosettes to tall upright plants.
Generally have a mild cabbage-like flavour. Flavour varies from mild and sweet to earthy or strongly brassica-like.
Mature leaves are commonly braised or slow cooked. Young and mature leaves are used in salads, chips, soups, sautés and smoothies.
Broad leaves can be used as cooked or blanched wraps. Curled varieties are less suitable for forming large wraps.
Georgia Southern produces large blue-green leaves. Popular types include curly kale, Tuscan kale and Red Russian kale.

Are Collards and Kale the Same Plant?

Collards and kale are not the same vegetable variety, but they belong to the same species, Brassica oleracea, and are both placed within the broad Acephala or non-heading group.

They share many growing requirements:

  • Cool to mild growing conditions
  • Fertile, free-draining soil
  • Consistent moisture
  • Protection from caterpillars and other brassica pests
  • Progressive outer-leaf harvesting

Their leaves differ enough in shape and texture that gardeners and cooks generally treat them as separate vegetables.

Collard Greens vs Cabbage

Collards and heading cabbage belong to the same species but have distinctly different plant forms.

Collard Greens Heading Cabbage
Produces an open rosette of individual leaves. Produces leaves that fold into a dense central head.
Leaves can be harvested progressively over an extended period. The complete head is generally harvested once.
Develops a visible upright stem as lower leaves are picked. Maintains a shorter stem beneath the developing head.
Useful where repeated leafy-green harvests are required. Useful where uniform solid heads are required.
Broad leaves have a mild cabbage flavour. Leaf texture and flavour vary with cabbage type and head maturity.

Collard Greens vs Spinach and Silverbeet

Collards, spinach and silverbeet are all leafy vegetables but belong to different botanical groups.

Collard Greens English Spinach Silverbeet
Brassica oleracea Spinacia oleracea Beta vulgaris
Broad, firm blue-green leaves Soft, tender green leaves Large leaves with substantial stalks
Generally cooked, especially when mature Young leaves commonly eaten raw or cooked Leaves and stalks generally cooked
Tolerates cool conditions and light frost Prefers cool weather but bolts readily in heat Tolerates a relatively broad growing season
Harvested progressively from an upright plant Harvested as baby leaf, outer leaves or whole rosettes Outer leaves picked from a substantial rosette
Collards are not spinach or silverbeet. They have a firmer leaf and a mild brassica flavour, making them particularly suitable for braising and substantial cooked dishes.

What Do Collard Greens Taste Like?

Collard greens have a mild cabbage-like flavour with earthy, slightly sweet and gently bitter notes. Their flavour and texture vary according to leaf age, season and preparation.

Young Leaves

Mild and Tender

Small leaves have thinner stems and require less cooking than fully mature foliage.

Mature Leaves

Earthy and Substantial

Larger leaves develop a firmer texture and more pronounced cabbage flavour.

After Light Frost

Sweeter Flavour

Cool conditions can reduce some bitterness and improve the sweetness of mature leaves.

Braised

Soft and Savoury

Slow cooking produces tender foliage that absorbs stock, herbs, spices and seasoning.

Sautéed

Fresh and Cabbage-Like

Young sliced leaves can be cooked quickly while retaining some texture.

Raw

Firm and Stronger

Finely sliced young leaves can be used raw, although they are more substantial than lettuce or baby spinach.

Can Collard Greens Be Eaten Raw?

Yes. Young, tender collard leaves can be eaten raw when washed thoroughly and sliced finely.

Raw collards have a firmer texture than lettuce, rocket or baby spinach. Removing the central rib and massaging finely sliced leaves with dressing can make them easier to use in salads and slaws.

Mature leaves are more commonly cooked because heat softens their fibres and reduces their volume.

Raw collards can be used in:

  • Finely shredded salads
  • Coleslaw-style mixtures
  • Sandwiches and wraps
  • Green smoothies
  • Fresh vegetable rolls
  • Massaged leafy-green salads

How to Grow Collard Greens in Australia

Georgia Southern collards grow best in full sun, fertile free-draining soil and consistent moisture. They are generally treated as cool-season vegetables, although established plants can tolerate some warmth when adequately watered.

Choose a Cool to Mild Season

Plan crops so most leaf production occurs through autumn, winter or mild spring conditions.

Prepare Fertile Soil

Collards are substantial leafy plants and perform best in soil containing suitable organic matter and balanced fertility.

Maintain Even Moisture

Consistent watering supports broad tender leaves and reduces stress-related toughness.

Harvest from the Bottom

Remove the oldest usable outer leaves while retaining the central growing point.

Collards are hardy but still need active growth for good leaf quality. Severe drought, crowding and nutrient stress can produce smaller, tougher foliage.

When to Plant Collard Greens in Australia

Collards are generally sown for cool-season production. The ideal planting window varies between tropical northern Australia and cool southern regions.

Climate Zone General Sowing Period Growing Notes
Cool February to April and August to October Use autumn and spring planting windows while avoiding severe establishment frost.
Temperate February to May and August to October Autumn crops can produce through winter, with spring sowing possible before summer heat.
Subtropical February to August Grow through autumn, winter and early spring for the best leaf quality.
Tropical March to July Plant during the coolest part of the dry season.
Arid March to August Provide reliable irrigation and protection from severe drying winds.

These planting periods are general guides. Local frost, elevation, rainfall, summer heat and irrigation availability should also be considered.

When to Plant Collards in Australian States and Cities

Location General Planting Guide Key Considerations
Brisbane and South East Queensland February to August Autumn and winter generally produce the best balance of vigorous growth and tender leaves.
Sydney and coastal New South Wales February to May and August to October Plant through autumn or early spring and maintain airflow during humid weather.
Inland New South Wales February to April and August to September Allow seedlings to establish before severe frost or summer heat.
Melbourne and Victoria February to May and August to October Collards can grow through cool conditions where soil remains well drained.
Canberra and cool inland districts February to April and August to October Use autumn and spring windows and protect small seedlings during severe frost.
Adelaide and South Australia March to August Maintain soil moisture through dry autumn and spring conditions.
Perth and south-west Western Australia March to August Autumn and winter generally provide favourable temperatures and seasonal rainfall.
Tasmania February to April and September to November Use well-drained soil and allow additional time for growth during cold weather.
Darwin and tropical northern Australia March to July Grow during the cooler dry-season period with reliable irrigation.

How to Grow Collard Greens from Seed

Georgia Southern collards can be direct-sown into garden beds or raised in seedling trays before transplanting.

  1. Choose the planting period.
    Plan the crop for cool to mild growing conditions.
  2. Prepare the soil.
    Use fertile, free-draining ground containing suitable organic matter.
  3. Sow the seeds shallowly.
    Plant approximately 6 mm deep and cover lightly.
  4. Maintain moisture.
    Keep the seedbed evenly moist without allowing it to become waterlogged.
  5. Provide strong light.
    Move emerged seedlings into bright conditions to develop compact growth.
  6. Thin or transplant.
    Allow adequate spacing for broad leaves and airflow.
  7. Protect young plants.
    Monitor seedlings for slugs, snails, flea beetles and caterpillars.
  8. Feed growing plants.
    Maintain balanced fertility during active leaf production.
  9. Harvest outer leaves.
    Begin with the lowest usable leaves and leave the central crown intact.
Successive planting can extend supply. Smaller sowings at intervals are generally easier to harvest and market than one large crop reaching maturity at the same time.

How Deep Should Collard Seeds Be Planted?

Plant Georgia Southern collard seeds approximately 6 mm deep and cover them lightly with fine soil or seed-raising mix.

Direct Sowing

Sow into a finely prepared garden bed or production row.

  • Plant approximately 6 mm deep
  • Cover lightly with fine soil
  • Water using a gentle spray
  • Thin seedlings after establishment

Seedling Trays

Raise plants in cells where controlled spacing or transplanting is preferred.

  • Use clean seed-raising mix
  • Maintain moderate moisture
  • Provide bright light after germination
  • Transplant before seedlings become root-bound

How Long Do Collard Seeds Take to Germinate?

Georgia Southern collard seeds commonly germinate within approximately 7–10 days under suitable conditions.

Temperature

Mild soil temperatures support faster and more uniform emergence.

Moisture

Keep the seedbed evenly moist without leaving it continually saturated.

Sowing Depth

Deeply planted seed may emerge slowly or fail to reach the surface.

Seedling Light

Strong light after emergence prevents weak, elongated seedlings.

Can Collard Seedlings Be Transplanted?

Yes. Collards transplant readily when seedlings are young and healthy.

Raise seedlings until they have developed several true leaves, then harden them gradually before planting into the garden.

When transplanting:

  • Keep the root ball intact
  • Plant during mild conditions where possible
  • Set seedlings at approximately their previous depth
  • Water immediately after planting
  • Protect seedlings from strong sun or wind while establishing
  • Monitor for slugs, snails and caterpillars

How Far Apart Should Collards Be Planted?

Spacing depends on whether collards are being grown for baby leaves, young whole plants or mature repeated harvesting.

Harvest Goal Approximate Spacing General Result
Baby leaf Approximately 5–10 cm or densely sown rows Small tender leaves for early cutting.
Young whole plants Approximately 15–25 cm Compact plants harvested before reaching full size.
Mature Georgia Southern plants Approximately 25–30 cm minimum Productive upright plants with repeated outer-leaf harvests.
Large individual plants Approximately 45–60 cm Greater leaf size, airflow and harvest access.
Row spacing Approximately 60–90 cm Allows access for weeding, feeding, inspection and harvesting.
Wider spacing produces larger individual plants. Closer planting can increase plant population but may reduce airflow and mature leaf size.

How Tall Do Georgia Southern Collards Grow?

Georgia Southern collards commonly reach approximately 70–100 cm high when allowed to mature.

The apparent height increases as lower leaves are removed and the central stalk becomes exposed.

Plant height is influenced by:

  • Spacing
  • Soil fertility
  • Water availability
  • Temperature
  • Harvest duration
  • Whether plants are allowed to flower

Tall established plants in windy locations may benefit from protection or light support.

Can Collard Greens Be Grown in Pots?

Yes. Georgia Southern collards can be grown in large pots, tubs and raised containers.

Container Requirements

Use one substantial container for each mature plant.

  • Allow approximately 30–40 litres or more per mature plant
  • Provide at least 30 cm of soil depth
  • Use unrestricted drainage holes
  • Choose a stable container that will not overturn

Container Management

Potted collards require regular moisture and nutrition.

  • Use fertile, good-quality potting mix
  • Position in full sun or bright partial shade
  • Check moisture frequently
  • Remove yellow lower leaves

Do Collards Need Full Sun?

Collards generally perform best in full sun, particularly during cool weather.

Provide approximately six or more hours of direct sunlight for strong growth and broad leaves.

Light partial shade can be useful in warm climates or during hot afternoons. Heavy shade may cause:

  • Slower growth
  • Longer, weaker stems
  • Smaller leaves
  • Reduced plant strength
  • Longer periods of wet foliage

Watering and Feeding Collard Greens

Consistent moisture supports tender leaves and steady production.

Water deeply enough to moisten the active root zone. Avoid repeated shallow watering and prolonged saturation.

Georgia Southern collards generally benefit from:

  • Fertile soil containing suitable organic matter
  • Balanced nutrition during establishment
  • Additional feeding during extended leaf harvesting
  • Regular watering during dry weather
  • Mulch around established plants
  • Good drainage during heavy rainfall
Collards are substantial leafy feeders. Pale leaves and slow growth can result where plants remain crowded, dry or undernourished.

How Long Do Collards Take to Grow?

Georgia Southern collards commonly reach mature harvest approximately 60–75 days after sowing under suitable conditions. Young leaves can be harvested earlier.

Harvest Stage Typical Period General Characteristics
Baby leaf Approximately 25–35 days Small tender foliage for salads, mixed leaves and quick cooking.
Young plants Approximately 35–50 days Compact plants with tender leaves and relatively fine stems.
Mature outer leaves Approximately 60–75 days Large blue-green leaves suitable for repeated picking and cooking.
Extended harvesting Continues while the plant remains healthy Outer leaves are removed as fresh central foliage develops.

Growing time varies with temperature, soil fertility, plant spacing, water, transplanting and preferred leaf size.

When to Harvest Collard Greens

Collards can be harvested as soon as the leaves reach the desired size.

Young leaves are more tender and require less cooking. Mature leaves provide greater harvest weight but have firmer ribs and a more substantial texture.

Harvest when:

  • Leaves have reached the required size
  • Foliage remains fresh and blue-green
  • The leaf blade is firm but not coarse or damaged
  • Plants are actively producing central growth
  • Outer leaves have not begun yellowing

How to Harvest Collards So They Keep Growing

Begin with the lowest mature leaves and work upwards.

Hold the leaf stalk near the main stem and cut it cleanly with a knife or secateurs. Avoid tearing or damaging the central crown.

For continued production:

  • Leave the young central leaves intact
  • Remove only a manageable proportion of foliage at one time
  • Harvest yellowing lower leaves promptly
  • Maintain water and nutrition after picking
  • Inspect the exposed stem for pests or damage
  • Continue harvesting before leaves become over-mature
Collards are naturally suited to cut-and-come-again harvesting. The plant continues extending upwards as new leaves form from the centre.

Can Collards Be Grown as Baby Leaf?

Yes. Georgia Southern can be grown at closer spacing and harvested while the leaves are young.

Baby collards have a softer texture and milder flavour than fully mature foliage.

For baby-leaf production:

  • Prepare a fine, clean seedbed
  • Sow evenly at a relatively high density
  • Maintain consistent moisture
  • Protect young leaves from caterpillars and flea beetles
  • Harvest before ribs become substantial
  • Cool leaves promptly after cutting

Baby leaf is harvested earlier than mature bunching collards and may be used in mixed salads or lightly cooked dishes.

How to Prepare Collard Greens

Large collard leaves should be washed thoroughly because soil, insects and debris can collect around the ribs and leaf surfaces.

  1. Inspect the leaves.
    Remove yellow, damaged or heavily chewed foliage.
  2. Wash thoroughly.
    Rinse the leaves in clean water and check both surfaces.
  3. Remove the central rib if required.
    Fold the leaf and slice or pull the blade away from the firm stem.
  4. Stack the leaves.
    Place several leaves together for efficient slicing.
  5. Roll and cut.
    Slice into ribbons, strips or larger pieces according to the recipe.
  6. Cook according to leaf age.
    Young leaves need less cooking than mature foliage.

How to Cook Collard Greens

Collards can be cooked quickly when young or braised for longer periods when mature.

Braised

Slow-Cooked Collards

Cook sliced leaves gently with stock, onion, garlic, spices or smoked ingredients until tender.

Sautéed

Quick-Cooked Young Leaves

Cook tender sliced foliage with oil, garlic, chilli or lemon until softened.

Steamed

Simple Cooked Greens

Steam young or mature leaves until they reach the preferred tenderness.

Soups

Substantial Leafy Green

Add chopped collards to bean soups, vegetable soups, broths and slow-cooked meals.

Stir-Fried

Finely Sliced Leaves

Cut leaves into narrow strips and cook quickly with aromatics and other vegetables.

Wraps

Whole Blanched Leaves

Use large leaves as wraps after removing the thick rib and softening them briefly.

How Long Should Collard Greens Be Cooked?

Cooking time depends on leaf age, slicing size and the desired texture.

Cooking Method General Cooking Period Suitable Leaves
Sautéing Several minutes until wilted and tender Young leaves or very finely sliced mature leaves
Steaming Approximately 5–15 minutes Young to medium leaves
Boiling Approximately 10–20 minutes Sliced mature leaves
Braising Approximately 30–60 minutes or longer Large mature leaves requiring a soft texture
Soup or stew Added according to the total cooking time Mature chopped foliage

Cooking periods are general guides. Test the leaves during preparation and cook until the preferred tenderness is reached.

How to Reduce Bitterness in Collard Greens

Young leaves and cool-season crops are generally milder than old or heat-stressed foliage.

To balance stronger collard flavour:

  • Harvest younger leaves
  • Remove the thick central rib
  • Blanch leaves briefly before further cooking
  • Add salt gradually
  • Use acidic ingredients such as lemon, tomato or vinegar
  • Cook with onion, garlic, chilli or aromatic spices
  • Combine collards with beans, grains or sweeter vegetables

Light frost can also improve the sweetness of leaves remaining on healthy plants.

Can Collard Greens Be Frozen?

Yes. Collard greens can be frozen for later cooked use.

For best results:

  1. Select fresh leaves.
    Use sound foliage without severe pest or disease damage.
  2. Wash thoroughly.
    Remove soil, insects and debris.
  3. Remove thick ribs.
    Trim according to the intended future use.
  4. Blanch appropriately.
    Brief heat treatment helps preserve colour and storage quality.
  5. Cool rapidly.
    Transfer the leaves into cold water after blanching.
  6. Drain thoroughly.
    Remove excess water before packing.
  7. Freeze in portions.
    Use suitable freezer-safe containers or bags.

Frozen collards are best used in soups, stews, braised dishes and other cooked meals rather than raw salads.

How to Store Fresh Collard Greens

Cool collard leaves promptly after harvesting.

For household storage:

  • Remove damaged or yellow leaves
  • Protect foliage from crushing
  • Store leaves dry or with controlled surface moisture
  • Use a suitable produce bag or container
  • Refrigerate promptly
  • Wash shortly before cooking where practical
  • Discard slimy, mouldy or unpleasant-smelling leaves

Whole unwashed leaves generally store better than heavily cut or bruised foliage.

Do Collard Greens Regrow After Cutting?

Yes, provided the central growing point and enough healthy stem remain intact.

Individual outer-leaf harvesting is the most reliable method for extended regrowth.

Young plants may also regrow after being cut above the lowest healthy leaves, although complete removal at soil level can kill or severely weaken the plant.

Continued regrowth depends on:

  • Plant health
  • Remaining leaf area
  • Seasonal temperature
  • Water availability
  • Soil fertility
  • Pest and disease pressure

Are Collards Annual or Perennial?

Collards are botanically biennial brassicas but are usually grown as annual vegetables.

During the first season, they produce edible leaves. After sufficient cold exposure, surviving plants may produce flowers and seed during the following season.

In mild climates, established collards can remain productive for an extended period. However, leaf quality generally declines once flowering begins.

Georgia Southern is not the same as perennial tree collards, which have a different growth habit and propagation system.

Do Collards Bolt?

Yes. Collards can develop a tall flowering stem after exposure to the environmental conditions that trigger reproduction.

Bolting can be encouraged by:

Plant Maturity

Older plants naturally progress towards flowering.

Cold Exposure

A period of low temperature can prepare biennial brassicas to flower.

Rising Spring Temperatures

Warmer conditions and increasing day length support flower-stem development.

Plant Stress

Severe drought, root restriction and other stresses can shorten productive leaf growth.

Leaves remain edible during early flowering, but they generally become smaller, firmer and more strongly flavoured.

Common Collard Growing Problems

Poor Germination

Deep sowing, drying seedbeds, waterlogging and unsuitable temperatures can reduce emergence.

Small Holes in Leaves

Flea beetles and small chewing insects can damage young foliage.

Large Chewed Areas

Cabbage moth and cabbage white butterfly caterpillars commonly feed on brassica leaves.

Yellow Lower Leaves

Natural ageing, drought, waterlogging, nutrient stress or disease may cause yellowing.

Slow Growth

Cold soil, poor fertility, root restriction and crowding can limit leaf development.

Tough or Bitter Leaves

Plant age, heat, drought and delayed harvesting can reduce tenderness.

How to Protect Collards from Caterpillars

Collards belong to the brassica family and can attract cabbage white butterflies, cabbage moths and other leaf-feeding caterpillars.

Management options include:

  • Covering young plants with fine insect netting
  • Checking the undersides of leaves for eggs
  • Removing visible caterpillars
  • Removing heavily damaged foliage
  • Maintaining adequate spacing and airflow
  • Rotating brassica crops
  • Removing old brassica crop residues
  • Using only legally registered crop-protection products according to their labels

Install netting before adult insects lay eggs on the crop and secure the edges so pests cannot enter underneath.

What to Plant with Collard Greens

Collards can share cool-season gardens with crops that have compatible light, moisture and spacing requirements.

Potential neighbouring crops include:

  • Onions and spring onions
  • Leeks
  • Beetroot
  • Carrots where root disturbance is avoided
  • Lettuce harvested before collards become large
  • Radish as an early crop
  • Peas with separate support
  • Herbs and flowers that support beneficial insects

Allow enough space so mature collard leaves do not heavily shade smaller crops.

Can Collard Seeds Be Saved?

Yes. Georgia Southern is open pollinated and can produce seed for saving when plants are allowed to flower and mature.

Collards are biennial and may require a cool period before flowering.

To save seed:

  1. Select healthy plants.
    Retain vigorous specimens with characteristic leaves and growth.
  2. Allow plants to overwinter where suitable.
    Protect selected plants from severe damage.
  3. Allow flowering.
    Plants develop tall stems bearing yellow brassica flowers.
  4. Permit seed pods to mature.
    Wait until pods begin becoming dry and brown.
  5. Harvest before excessive shattering.
    Cut stems and finish drying them in a protected location.
  6. Separate and clean the seed.
    Remove dry pod fragments and other debris.
  7. Store in cool, dry conditions.
    Label the seed with variety and harvest year.

Will Collards Cross with Kale or Cabbage?

Yes. Collards, kale, cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts and several other vegetables belong to compatible forms of Brassica oleracea.

They can cross-pollinate when flowering at the same time.

Crossing does not change the leaves being harvested from the current crop. It affects the genetic characteristics of seed produced by those plants.

Growers saving Georgia Southern true to type should isolate flowering plants from compatible Brassica oleracea crops or use a controlled seed-production method.

Packet and Larger-Quantity Collard Seeds

Home and Small-Scale Growers

Smaller quantities suit household gardens, raised beds and container growers trialling collards for the first time.

  • Grow individual plants for repeated picking
  • Harvest young or mature leaves
  • Use large pots or garden beds
  • Make successive cool-season sowings

Market Gardens and Commercial Growers

Larger seed quantities can support scheduled bunching, baby-leaf and mature-leaf plantings.

  • Suitable for repeated seasonal sowings
  • Useful for specialty leafy-green markets
  • Can be harvested as whole young plants or individual leaves
  • Compare leaf yield, trimming requirements and harvest labour
Compare value by saleable leaf production. Germination, plant density, leaf size, pest damage, trimming labour, harvest frequency and usable foliage all influence the actual production cost.

Important Considerations for Commercial Growers

Commercial collard production requires a defined leaf size, bunch specification, planting density and harvest system.

Leaf Uniformity

Consistent colour, size and texture improve bunch presentation and grading efficiency.

Harvest Stage

Baby leaf, whole young plants and mature outer leaves require different spacing and schedules.

Stem and Rib Size

Over-mature foliage increases trimming requirements and may reduce customer acceptance.

Pest Exclusion

Cosmetic caterpillar and flea-beetle damage can substantially reduce saleable yield.

Post-Harvest Handling

Cool harvested foliage promptly and protect leaves from wilting, crushing and excess moisture.

Customer Terminology

Use the names Georgia Southern collards, collard greens and non-heading cabbage where they help customers identify the crop.

Conduct local production trials before large sowings. Germination, plant height, leaf size, tenderness, pest pressure and saleable yield can vary with season, spacing, irrigation, soil and harvest timing.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are collard greens?

Collard greens are non-heading brassicas grown for their broad edible leaves. They are closely related to kale and cabbage.

What are collard leaves?

Collard leaves are the large edible blue-green leaves produced by a collard plant. They can be harvested young or allowed to mature for cooking.

What are collards called in Australia?

They are generally called collard greens or collards in Australia. They may also be described as non-heading or loose-leaf cabbage.

Can you buy collard greens in Australia?

Fresh collards can be difficult to find in ordinary supermarkets, but they may be available through specialty grocers and growers. Seed allows gardeners to produce their own supply.

What is Georgia Southern collard?

Georgia Southern is a traditional open-pollinated collard producing large, slightly ruffled blue-green leaves in a loose upright rosette.

Are collard greens and kale the same?

No. They are closely related forms of Brassica oleracea, but they have different leaf shapes, textures and recognised varieties.

Are collard greens the same as cabbage?

Collards and cabbage belong to the same species, but collards remain open and leafy while cabbage forms a dense head.

Are collard greens spinach?

No. Collards are brassicas, while true spinach is Spinacia oleracea.

Are collard greens the same as silverbeet?

No. Silverbeet is a form of Beta vulgaris with large leaves and substantial stalks. Collards are non-heading brassicas.

What do collard greens taste like?

Collards have a mild cabbage-like flavour with earthy, slightly sweet and gently bitter notes.

Are collard greens bitter?

Mature or heat-stressed leaves can develop some bitterness. Young foliage and leaves grown through cool conditions are generally milder.

Can collard greens be eaten raw?

Yes. Young leaves can be washed, finely sliced and used in salads, slaws, wraps and smoothies.

How do you grow collard greens from seed?

Sow the seed approximately 6 mm deep in fertile, free-draining soil. Maintain moisture, thin or transplant the seedlings and protect them from brassica pests.

When should collards be planted in Australia?

Collards are generally planted from late summer through winter. Cool-climate growers can also sow during spring.

When should collards be planted in Brisbane?

Around Brisbane, Georgia Southern collards are generally best planted from February to August for autumn, winter and early spring production.

How deep should collard seeds be planted?

Plant Georgia Southern collard seeds approximately 6 mm deep and cover them lightly.

How long do collard seeds take to germinate?

Georgia Southern collard seeds commonly germinate within approximately 7–10 days under suitable conditions.

Can collard seedlings be transplanted?

Yes. Transplant seedlings after several true leaves develop and before they become root-bound.

How far apart should collards be planted?

The current Georgia Southern product recommends approximately 25–30 cm between plants. Wider spacing can produce larger individual plants and improve harvest access.

How tall do Georgia Southern collards grow?

Mature plants commonly reach approximately 70–100 cm, depending on growing conditions and harvest duration.

How long do collards take to grow?

Georgia Southern commonly reaches mature harvest in approximately 60–75 days, although young leaves can be picked earlier.

Can collards be grown in pots?

Yes. Use one large container per mature plant with fertile potting mix, strong drainage and regular watering.

Do collards need full sun?

Collards generally produce best in full sun but can tolerate light partial shade, particularly in warm climates.

Do collards tolerate frost?

Georgia Southern tolerates cold conditions and light frost. Cool weather can improve the sweetness of mature leaves.

Are collards cut-and-come-again?

Yes. Pick the larger outer leaves while leaving the central growing point intact.

How do you harvest collards so they keep growing?

Cut the lowest mature leaves close to the stem and leave the young central foliage undamaged.

Can collards be grown as baby leaf?

Yes. Sow more densely and harvest the foliage while the leaves and ribs remain small and tender.

How do you prepare collard greens?

Wash the leaves thoroughly, remove the thick central rib where required and slice the foliage into strips or pieces.

How do you cook collard greens?

Collards can be steamed, sautéed, boiled, stir-fried, added to soups or slowly braised until tender.

How long should collard greens be cooked?

Young sliced leaves may cook within several minutes. Large mature leaves may require 30–60 minutes of braising for a very soft texture.

How can bitterness be reduced in collards?

Use younger leaves, remove thick ribs and balance the flavour with salt, acidity, aromatics or longer cooking.

Can collard greens be frozen?

Yes. Wash, trim, blanch, cool and drain the leaves before freezing them in suitable portions.

How should fresh collard greens be stored?

Cool the leaves promptly and refrigerate them in a suitable produce bag or container while protecting them from crushing and excess moisture.

Do collard greens regrow after cutting?

Yes, where the central growing point and sufficient healthy foliage remain intact.

Are collards annual or perennial?

Collards are botanically biennial but are usually grown as annual leafy vegetables.

Do collards bolt?

Yes. Mature plants can produce flower stems after cold exposure and as temperatures and day length increase.

Why are there holes in my collard leaves?

Flea beetles, cabbage moth caterpillars, cabbage white butterfly larvae, slugs and snails can damage collard foliage.

Why are my collard leaves turning yellow?

Lower leaves may yellow naturally, while widespread yellowing can result from drought, waterlogging, nutrient stress, root problems or disease.

What can be planted with collards?

Collards can share beds with onions, leeks, beetroot, carrots, lettuce, radish, peas and selected herbs or flowers where adequate spacing is maintained.

Can Georgia Southern collard seed be saved?

Yes. Georgia Southern is open pollinated. Allow selected plants to flower and produce fully mature dry seed pods.

Will collards cross with kale or cabbage?

Yes. Compatible Brassica oleracea crops can cross when flowering together, affecting the characteristics of saved seed.

Is Seedmart Georgia Southern collard seed chemically treated?

The current product is identified as having no chemical treatment. Check the product specifications before each order because seed lots can change.

Is Georgia Southern an open-pollinated variety?

Yes. The current product is identified as an open-pollinated heirloom variety.

How many Georgia Southern collard seeds are in one gram?

The current product specification lists approximately 300 seeds per gram.

Can Georgia Southern collard seeds be shipped to Tasmania?

The current product page states that this seed is not shipped to Tasmania because of quarantine restrictions.

Georgia Southern collard seeds for Australian growers

Grow Collard Greens in Packet or Larger Quantities

Seedmart supplies Georgia Southern collard seed for household gardens, raised beds, large containers, market gardens and specialty leafy-green production. Grow this traditional Brassica oleracea heirloom for broad blue-green leaves, repeated outer-leaf harvesting and dependable cool-season production.

Review the product page for current pack sizes, seed treatment, specifications, quarantine restrictions and ordering information before purchasing.